Gender and graduating results in the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Abomey-Calavi (Cotonou, Benin) program

Keywords:

Anesthesiology; Gender; Certification Exam; Africa (Sub-Saharan); Medical Education


Published online: Feb 21 2023

https://doi.org/10.56126/73.4.25

B.K. Ki1, E. Zoumenou2, M. Chobli3, B. le Polain de Waroux4, A. Robert5, P.L. Baele4

1 Service d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
2 Unité d’Enseignement et de Recherche en Anesthésie et Réanimation de la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
3 Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Bénin
4 Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain (UCLouvain) Belgium
5 Epidemiology & Biostatistics, IREC EPID UCLouvain-Brussels, Belgium

Abstract

Background: For unknown reasons female participation in anesthesiology is very low in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially in West Africa, and few women reach top academic or clinical positions.

Objective: Women reduced professional perspectives.

Design: Male and female residents’ performances were compared when they presented for their first try the graduating exams of the specialty.

Settings: The Cotonou anesthesiology and intensive care training center, the second largest in French-speaking SSA, where 146 anesthesiologists from 14 African countries graduated since its creation in 1996.

Method: All results at their final exams (consisting in 3 written questions and 2 clinical evaluations) were retrieved for the 125 men and 21 women who graduated. Scores obtained by women and males were compared using Student’s t tests. Their total of points was used to divide graduates into deciles. The proportion of women was counted in each decile.

Results: Women performed better at both anesthesia and intensive care clinical evaluations taken separately and together (total 68.2% vs. 64.2% p=0.004) and were even with men for the three written exams (anesthesia, intensive care and basic sciences - total 66.2 % vs. 66.1% p=0.99). When clinical and written scores are added in each sector, women scored better than males for anesthesiology (69.2% vs. 65.2% p=0.01) and were even for intensive care (65.0% vs. 64.1% p=0.51). Globally women and men results were similar (67% vs. 65%, p=0.1) The proportion of women in each decile increased from the lowest to the best deciles, but the absolute low number of women gives this trend borderline significance (slope +1,56 % women per decile, p=0.046)**.

Conclusion: Women performance at end-specialty exams is unlikely to explain their subsequent underrepresentation at the academic level in anesthesia and intensive care in SSA**.